The Grade 8 Mathematics test was designed to measure student progress in Mathematics as defined by the New York State Learning Standards. The table above shows three types of information that can be derived from the test: raw scores, scale scores, and performance levels.

A raw score is the number of points a student achieves. The raw score for Grade 8 Mathematics is derived by using all multiple-choice and open-ended items on the Grade 8 Mathematics Test. Each multiple choice item is worth 1 point. The value of each open-ended item depends on the number of points in the rubric used to score the item. For instance, if a 2-point rubric is used, the item would be worth 2 points. For the 2003 Grade 8 Mathematics Test, the maximum total raw score is 69 points. Raw scores cannot be compared from year to year.

The scale score shows the level of proficiency a student has in Mathematics. Scale scores were arrived at through a standard setting study conducted with an expert panel of New York State teachers. The Grade 8 Mathematics scale scores use a numerical scale that runs continuously from beginning skills (scale score range of 517-680) to advanced skills (scale score range of 760-882). The scale scores enable comparisons from year to year because the same scale score represents the same level of achievement for the New York State Standards, even if slight changes in the difficulties of the test questions from year to year cause slight changes in the raw scores.

Students are classified into one of the four levels of Mathematics performance based on their overall performance on the test as determined by their Grade 8 Mathematics scale scores. A student's performance level provides information on a student's abilities in relation to the Key Ideas in the New York State Mathematics Learning Standard. New York State teachers established descriptions of the skills and knowledge required in each performance level. These descriptions are part of the individual student score report that is sent to schools by CTB/McGraw-Hill.

Below is the raw score-to-scale score conversion table for 2003 Grade 8 Mathematics.

More information on scoring can be found in the two-part electronic publication, "Determining the Scoring for the Grade 4 and the Grade 8 English Language Arts and Mathematics Examinations":

Part 1 -- Test Structure, History, Types of Scores, Performance Indicates http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/ciai/testing/assesspubs/detgr4&8scorelamat.pdf

Part 2 -- Frequently Asked Questions http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/ciai/testing/assesspubs/02dscorfaq.pdf